In recent years there has been a growing demand to preserve natural teeth, including those in which Endodontic therapy has failed. This has led to an increased interest in endodontic retreatment procedures. Understanding the aspects which distinguish an endodontic retreatment from routine endodontic treatment is essential for its successful outcome. The presence of obstacles like coronal and radical at restorations and root canal obturation must always be taken into consideration before planning retreatment.Retreatment techniques that are efficient and faster should be the main concern to treat endodontic failures. Complete removal of gutta Percha, retrieval or bypass of separated instruments and thorough disinfection of root canal are few of the major aspects that lead to successful completion of retreatment procedures.The new generation of endodontic instruments, magnification, materials and technology with knowledge and principles of endodontic retreatment provide successful and predictable retreatment outcome and help in retention of patient’s natural tooth.